The two types of socialization that are particularly crucial for children are primary and secondary socialization.
The term “socialization” is used by sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists, political scientists, and educators. To describe the lifelong process of having inherited and disseminating norms, customs, and ideologies.
To equip a person with the skills and habits necessary to participate in his or her own society. As a result, primary socialization occurs which is “the process of achieving social and cultural continuity.” There are numerous sorts of socializing. But two are especially vital for youngsters. It includes Primary and secondary socialization.
Primary Socialization
The reception and learning of a system of norms and values produced through the primary socialization. It is primary socialization in sociology. Primary socialization is crucial for a child because it lays the foundation for all subsequent socialization. When a youngster learns the attitudes, values, and acts. That are proper for persons as members of a given culture.
It is the primary socialization. It is primarily impacted by close relatives and friends. If a child witnesses his or her mother expressing a prejudiced opinion about a minority group, the child may believe that such behavior is appropriate and may continue to have such opinion towards minorities.
Secondary Socialization
Secondary socialization is the process of learning how to behave properly as a participant of a smaller group inside a larger society. It is, in essence, the socializing agents’ reinforcement of behavioral tendencies. Beyond the home, secondary socialization occurs. It is a place where children and adults learn how to respond in situations that are acceptable for them.
Schools expect students to behave differently than they do at home, and they must follow new standards. New teachers must behave differently than their kids and observe others to learn the new regulations.Â
The Four Stages of Development as Defined by Piaget
Piaget identified four stages in the development of an adult:
- The sensorimotor stage, which lasts through birth until roughly age two, is the first of Piaget’s developmental phases. The kid learns about himself and his surroundings at this period through motor and reflex activities. The baby understands that he is separate from his surroundings, and that elements of his surroundings, including such his parents or a toy, exist even if they are outside his sensory range. Object persistence is the term for this observation.
- The sensorimotor phase is followed by the preoperational stage. It lasts until around the age of seven and begins around the time the kid begins to talk. The preoperational phase’s developments all stem from the youngster learning how to use his newly acquired verbal talents. The kid begins to represent items with symbols. Children take in information and organize it into pre-existing mental categories.
- The concrete operational period, which lasts from around first grade till early adolescence, follows. Children at this age are more receptive to concepts that do not suit their pre-existing worldview. The youngster starts to think abstract concepts and make reasonable decisions based on tangible or observable events.
- Finally, children go into the concrete operational stage, which starts in puberty and lasts until maturity. This person is capable of logical and hypothetical reasoning and no longer requires concrete items to make rational decisions.
How to Have a Sportsman Spirit? Qualities of a Good Sportsman
Formation of Personality
The formation of an individual’s different character. This way he or she enters the identity formation phase.
The development of an individual’s unique personality. It is seen as a persistent entity as through it a person is known. It is the identity formation. By this process, individuals define themselves both to others and to themselves. A sense of continuity, distinctiveness from others, and affinity are all components of an individual’s genuine identity.
Following are Some Key Terms for Identity Information
Cultural identification refers to a person’s sense of belonging to a group or culture, or to an individual’s sense of belonging to a group or culture in the sense that it influences him or her.Â
An ethnic identity is a sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group, usually based on a shared genealogy or lineage.
National identity is a philosophical and ethical notion in which all humans are separated into nations.
A religious identity is a person’s set of beliefs and behaviors, which may include adherence to codified doctrines and rituals as well as the study of ancestral or cultural traditions.
The sum of a person’s knowledge and awareness of himself or herself is his or her self-concept.
Childhood Socialization According to Theoretical Perspective
Theories of childhood socialization and development look into the various aspects of a child’s cognitive and social development.
Ecological Systems Theory: Ecological systems’ theory, also known as development in context or human ecology theory, describes four types of nested environmental systems that have bidirectional impacts inside and between them.
The theory of cognitive development proposed by Piaget states that children are learning by actively creating knowledge via hands-on learning.
The Psychosexual Theory of Human Development is separated into five stages, each of which is linked to sexual fulfillment via a certain bodily region.
Key points
- The lifelong process of acquiring and distributing norms, conventions, and ideologies. That provide an appropriate basis and habits. As needed to participate in his or her own community. It is socialization.
- Primary socialization is crucial for a child because it lays the foundation for all subsequent socialization.
- When a youngster learns the attitudes, values, and acts. That are proper for persons as members of a given culture. This is primary socialization.
- Secondary socialization is the process of learning how to behave properly as a member of a smaller percentage inside a larger society.
- The cognitive development theory of Jean Piaget explains how children think and adapt to the environment.
- Adolescence is a unique period of rapid development that has drawn the attention of numerous theories.
- Jean Piaget established a cognitive development theory that describes how children learn at different stages of development.
